Briefly outline the main features of the ‘Wuthering Heights’ and ‘The Woman in Black’

The Gothic genre became popular in the mid-eighteeth centuary when ‘The Castle of Otranto' by Horace Warpole was written. Emily Bronte was influence by ‘The Bridegroom of Barna', published in the nineteenth centuary when writing ‘Wuthering Heights'. Today, the equivalent of the Gothic novel a horror novel by writers such as Steven King. â€Å"The Woman in Black' is a modern novel with Gothic influences. The main features of the Gothic novels were the main character, usually an anti hero: dark, demonic and motivated by inhuman cruelty. This man usually had mysterious origins and did not value many of society's morals. Later, in the nineteenth centuary when the Romantic movement developed, the Gothic anti-hero became the Byronic hero in many novels. Like the Gothic protagonist, the Byronic hero usually had a mysterious past, as well as dark, good looks and a hatred for society's moral laws. Heathcliff, in Emily Bronte's novel ‘Wuthering Heights', is a good example of a Byronic hero. Another important feature of many Gothic novels is the setting. Gothic novels are usually set in a grim, hostile landscape often on a deserted moor or marsh, as in the case of ‘Wuthering Heights' and Susan Hill's ‘The Woman in Black'. Such grim landscape often mirrors the character of the hero. There are also references to the supernatural in many of these novels, such as the ghost of Jennet Humfrye in ‘The Woman in Black' or the ghost of Cathy in ‘Wuthering Heights'. There is also a strong supernatural element in these stories often linked to the main character. Revenge is usually a strong theme in Gothic novels. The anti hero often seeks revenge against the people around him, perhaps because of some earlier wrong he was the victim of or simply against society in general, because of the alienation he feels he has suffered. For example, in ‘Wuthering Heights' Heathcliff revenges himself against Hindley's son Hareton because of the pain Hindley caused him when he was alive. Other features of Gothic novels include the presence of an ancient retainer, usually an old man. There is also usually a victim, often a fair haired young woman. She is supposed to represent good and the moral values which the anti hero is trying so hard to destroy. The idea of a Gothic anti hero is particular prominent in ‘Wuthering Heights'. In this book the main character is Heathcliff, an orphan who is brought to Wuthering Heights by the old Mr Earnshaw in his childhood. Like most Gothic heroes, Heathcliff has dark, good looks, a mysterious past and an unquenchable desire to revenge himself on the people he feels have wronged him. The story of ‘Wuthering Heights' revolves around Heathcliff's life and his relationship with his ‘soul-mate' Cathy. Heathcliff's looks, and in particular his eyes are described by the housekeeper and narrator Nelly as â€Å"that couple of black fiends, so deeply buried, who never open their windows boldly†. Later in the book Heathcliff is contrasted with Cathy's future husband Edgar Linton: â€Å"The contrast resembled what you see in exchanging a bleak, hilly, coal country for a beautiful, fertile valley†. This description not only describes Heathcliff's looks but also his charater, bleak suggesting his personality and â€Å"hilly† describing the mood swings he has. Heathcliff's desire for revenge against Edgar Linton, Hindley Earnshaw and, to a certain extent, Cathy, is shown by his actions during the novel. He abuses Hindley's son Hareton, as well as Edgar's sister Isabella and his daughter Catherine. In contrast to ‘Wuthering Heights', ‘The Woman in Black' does not have a clear anti hero. Instead there are two characters who share this role. They are Arthur Kipps and the woman in black, Jennet Humfrye. Kipps is not the traditional Gothic hero because he does not have dark, good looks or a mysterious past. Instead, he is more like Lockwood or Edgar Linton in ‘Wuthering Heights'. The other main character shares some of the traits of the revenger and the victim in many Gothic novels. Jennet Humfrye is a ghost who had lost a child she had out of wedlock and died of a wasting disease. She is now revenging herself on innocent victims. Whilst the idea of revenge is similar to the Gothic hero, Humfrye is a very different character because she is dead and also a woman. She is also not a traditional Gothic victim, because despite being female she has a wasting disease and therefore isn't beautiful. She also does not embody the positives of society, such as chastity until marriage that most Gothic victims do. The setting and atmosphere in ‘Wuthering Heights' and ‘The Woman in Black' is also an important feature of both novels. The setting is one of biggest similarities between the two books as both are set in grim, inhospitable landscapes- ‘Wuthering Heights' on the Yorkshire Moors and ‘The Woman in Black' on a bleak marshland. Another similarity is the houses where the two novels are set: Wuthering Heights and Eel Marsh House. Both houses are bleak and very isolated. Arthur Kipps first describes Eel Marsh House as â€Å"a tall, gaunt house of grey stone†. There is a lot of adverse weather such as storms in both books. This echoes the personalities of the main characters and also helps to add even more tension and atmosphere to the plot. For example in ‘The Woman in Black', when Kipps discovers the nursery has been wrecked, there is a storm going on outside. He is unsure whether the nursery has been damaged by the storm or whether Jennet Humfrye has been there. The intrusion of the supernatural features in both novels. In ‘Wuthering Heights', it occurs at the beginning and at the end of the book, where Lockwood and then Heathcliff encounter the ghost of Cathy. ‘The Woman in Black' is basically a ghost story and therefore the intrusion of the supernatural is a major part of the plot. In both books there is confusion between reality and the supernatural. In ‘Wuthering Heights' this occurs when Lockwood encounters Cathy's ghost. It is quite clear to the reader that Cathy's ghost did actually appear but Lockwood manages to convince himself that he was dreaming, overlooking the broken window and the fact that he never went to sleep. In ‘The Woman in Black', Arthur Kipps is very sceptical about the existence of the woman in black to begin with and does not recognise the ghost when he first encounters her, describing her as â€Å"another mourner, a woman†. There are, however, clues that the woman is a ghost, just like in Wuthering Heights. She is dressed in a very old fashioned dress and disappears very suddenly. I think elements of the Gothic genre are used very effectively in both ‘The Woman in Black' and ‘Wuthering Heights', especially since neither novel is specifically a Gothic novel. I think that the theme of revenge is most prominent in ‘Wuthering Heights' because it is the driving force behind the passion of Heathcliff's character. I think the setting of the story is used to great effect in ‘The Woman in Black' because the adverse weather and desolate marsh add a lot of atmosphere and tension to the plot. I personally prefer ‘Wuthering Heights' because I feel that Emily Bronte has managed to create characters with great depth and has managed to effectively portray the passion between Heathcliff and Cathy. Also, whilst ‘Wuthering Heights' does have Gothic features to it, Bronte does not let them compromise the storyline in any way.

Public Facilities

public facilities in india have become more than in these recent years. Our country is progressing very fast like a person climbing fast on any mountain peak. In this scenario indians are provided with many public facilities such as transport facilty, communication facility, social facility , etc, but amongst all education facility is the most pre occupied in them. As you all know education plays a very crucial roles in our day to day life and even if the peoples are not educated then these other facilties become of no use. people are well been provided with these facilities but some people may not use them properly.You can see this in many newspaper or in any media and even we see them in our daily life such as some peoples have the habit to dirt the public bus or you can see the real life example in your school. in your school some bad students untides classroom and broke or make designs on desks and tables. thus , lastly i would like to say that we must not have to destroy public facilities in our country as such india is a great fast develoing country which will soon become much economical than it is now, before it will happen, our indian government is trying the best to provide us facilties that can help us to be stable in our day to day life. o that ‘s all balwant , hope this will help you, cheers! public facilities in india have become more than in these recent years. Our country is progressing very fast like a person climbing fast on any mountain peak. In this scenario indians are provided with many public facilities such as transport facilty, communication facility, social facility , etc, but amongst all education facility is the most pre occupied in them.As you all know education plays a very crucial roles in our day to day life and even if the peoples are not educated then these other facilties become of no use. people are well been provided with these facilities but some people may not use them properly. You can see this in many newspaper or i n any media and even we see them in our daily life such as some peoples have the habit to dirt the public bus or you can see the real life example in your school. n your school some bad students untides classroom and broke or make designs on desks and tables. thus , lastly i would like to say that we must not have to destroy public facilities in our country as such india is a great fast develoing country which will soon become much economical than it is now, before it will happen, our indian government is trying the best to provide us facilties that can help us to be stable in our day to day life. so that ‘s all balwant , hope this will help you, cheers!

Human Resources Development Annotated Bibliography

Human Resources Development - Annotated Bibliography Example The source discusses the dynamics of employee training in reference to HRD climate in public and private commercial banks of Nepal. This is a journal article, which forms a reliable scholarly source. The article has updated information, easy and clear information and thus relevant to this study. Chi, H., Lan, C., & Dorjgotov, B. (2011). The influences of organizational culture and human resource development on R&D organizational effectiveness - the mediating effect of knowledge management. Journal of International Management Studies, 6(1), 1-12. This source uses a hypotheses model to evaluate the relationship between organizational culture, human resource development (HRD), and organizational effectiveness. The source equally defines human resource development and draws its significance in a business setup. Moreover, the source defines the four dimensions of Human resource development and utilization that include training and development, goal communication, support for the personal initiative, and involvement in decision-making. Additionally, the source establishes the importance of organizational performance and effectiveness in maintaining high HRD. The information in this journal article is easy to read and understand, current, not biased, and hence reliable for this study. The source describes the importance of human resource development, the need to tailor the HRD according to the organization’s strategy and structure, and the reasons why companies train and educate employees. In addition, the source relates human resource development and human resource management (HRM0 and relates the model for systematic training to HRM and HRD. Furthermore, the source discusses the mechanisms for evaluating human resource development. The information in this source is clear, easy to understand, and not biased.  

William Apess and Frederick Douglass Research Paper

William Apess and Frederick Douglass - Research Paper Example William Apess and Frederick Douglass were both men who accepted and adhered to the Christian faith while championing social causes for their people. William Apess is a Christian minister and missionary who works among his people and fights for their recognition of their status as worthy human beings. Apess’ writings â€Å"illuminates the meaning of the colonial and post-colonial relationship between Native Americans and the white dominant culture as well as an understanding of the violence that permeates that relationship† (Moon 45). Equally, Frederick Douglas is an ex-slave who was educated and sought to sensitize the American public on injustices against slaves and African Americans. Both men persist in laboring as advocates of human rights through their writings. Their writings classified as protest writing â€Å"found enthusiastic supporters among the entire literate black population whose resentment and indignation it voiced†¦the motivating force was that onc e they became aware of the situation, the powerful white minority would do something to improve matters† (Gaylard 20). Composed during the Abolitionist Movement and Reconstruction Era, these literary works stress the superficiality and hypocrisy of the Christian Whites in their support of institutionalized, discriminatory oppression - employing their own ideologies and religious doctrines to control the masses. The superficiality of the White man's doctrine is a point of argument in Apess' work. Apess observes that one â€Å"may learn how deep (the White man's) principles are...I should say they were skin deep† (Apess). The foundation of the objections to non-Whites’ enjoyment of their human dignity and privileges is based on the skin pigmentation. Skin color has no inherent value in any substantial and profound argument since what lies on the inside forms the core and matters most. Contrary to the racial Whites, Apess’ major concern is â€Å"†¦not talking about the skin, but about principles† (Apess). In his day, Apess would have been familiar with the Great Chain of Being philosophy which privileges the Whites at the head of the human race and relegates the Other to occupy lower tiers (Lovejoy 27). American Whites manipulated this concept to justify their subhuman treatment of other races. Frederick Douglass also perceived the superficiality of racism re alizing that â€Å"there was a skin aristocracy in America; no not exactly the skin, it was the colour of the skin, that was the mark of distinction or the brand of degradation† (Blassingame 50). Greed and prejudice constitute the vices that spurred discrimination. As a consequence, millions have lived broken lives and died deaths worse than an animal’s. The slavery was founded on skin color without regard for other more sterling and lasting qualities such as character. Douglass marvels at the preoccupation with something so trivial, yet which bears so much weight. The usage of skin color as a means to exalt oneself and debase another reveals the superficiality of the premises of racism. In time, the surface of any object is defaced and gradually stripped away. External appearances deceive however, only the content of character is real and enduring. As a Christian minister himself, Apess makes a stirring appeal to the tenets of Christianity, the so-called White man's r eligion. White men would use their religion to validate conquest, segregation, and the institution of slavery, however, Apess wields the Holy Bible, the book which instructs Christians in defense of human rights, equality, justice and brotherhood. Apess cites in his stirring appeal that â€Å"God is no respecter of persons; †¦By this shall all men know that they are my disciples, if ye have love one to

Marketing communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing communications - Essay Example So now there is a desperate need to introduce, develop and implement various marketing communications tools in order to cater for the needs and influence the buying patterns of this ‘average bloke’ group. For any marketing plan to be successfully implemented, we first need to evaluate all possible communication tools and methods to promote the product. Next we need deduce what communication tools would best work for the product, and influencing the consumer to the maximum potential as well. Although women aged between 30 to 50 years are properly segmented and targeted, this is not the same for men of the same age group. First we need to construct a profile for the ‘average bloke’, defining their traits and personality characteristics. ‘Average Bloke’, tend to purchase based on their experiences. They buy the product based on quality mostly, and can easily compromise over quantity. Average bloke don’t waste time in buying a product, and wi sh to acquire the maximum information about a product in the least amount of time. Furthermore, average bloke recommend purchase decision based on WOM (Word Of Mouth), which is mostly preferred from family members and friend’s circle. Average bloke also spend less time on shopping as compared to women of the same age group, hence it can be deduced that for the average bloke time is of value. And if the purchasing time is less, the amount of satisfaction derived is the greatest. Average bloke, mostly feel that marketing strategies are just aimed at fooling the consumers into buying a useless product, hence the campaigns used to influence them should portray traits of sincerity, devotion and loyalty towards the consumers. Lastly we can also induce into the profile that average bloke require a strong, lasting and rational relationship with the brand, not just a temporary one. Marketing strategies consists of the marketing mix, which

Discussion Board Chapter 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board Chapter 2 - Essay Example Most people have never interacted with other cultures, therefore need to be educated on the principles that they should incorporate. The main principle is making prior research on the person you wish to interact with from the different culture. This way one is familiar with the basics of the foreign culture and one can prepare on how to communicate. For instance, answering greetings from the foreign culture. The other principles involved include having a purpose for interaction with the new culture. With this in mind conversation are easy to start and to keep going for a long time. Other principles include noting the tonal variation of the other party so as to help understand what they are putting across. A tone may help recognize emotions and feelings. In addition one should avoid using slang from your own culture that would definitely shut out the other party from conversing. Moreover, generally looking at the facial expression and body movement of the other party can improve communication. In conclusion, improving intercultural communication requires efforts from both parties including being a good listener and having the need for communicating. Most individuals only go down that road with a purpose but with the knowledge on how to improve such communications, different cultures will bond easily and achieve an understanding from their

French Wedding Traditions and Customs Speech or Presentation

French Wedding Traditions and Customs - Speech or Presentation Example As culture and identity are closely associated with each other, it is our responsibility to maintain and preserve our cultural identity for the new generation as well as for people outside our culture. Because, cultural heritage offers people a genuine window to look closely at the richness and grandeur of the past and present of a society or a community. This paper briefly addresses the cultural heritage of the French society and introduces particularly the French traditions and customs related to the wedding ceremonies of French people. When it comes to describing traditions and customs, a lot of speculation is based on the current trend of avoiding or neglecting these traditional views by today’s younger generation. However, that does not paint a sad picture. Some traditions and customs are still followed by the French people in their wedding styles. The paper also discusses briefly the different wedding ceremonies followed by the French communities, along with all the sign ificant aspects relating to the traditional French wedding. French wedding ceremonies: Wedding ceremonies have always been a fascination with the bride and groom taking vows of being faithful and loyal to each other for the rest of their lives. It has always been like a fairytale with the spouses being given special treatment like prince and his princess. French wedding ceremonies also speak of the same charisma that is as fascinating as any other wedding tradition. This further requires a deeper glance into the history of French weddings. When it comes to describing a traditional French wedding, its varied customs and traditions spell of myriad hues of love and romance. As the customs and traditions indicate the important aspects of marriage, the traditional aspects involve a number of things to be discussed briefly in the following sections. Wedding costume: A traditional French wedding is usually synonymous with love and romance as repeated above. Therefore, the wedding costume gets a lot of special attention. Moreover, the design of the wedding costume involves serious consideration of the traditional values. Starting with the Medieval and Renaissance periods, French wedding costumes were just the elaborate versions of contemporary dresses in the sense that they did not require any distinctive coloring. Usually, the bride’s best dress was transformed into her wedding dress adorned by jewelry, laces, ribbons, embroidery, beads, etc. The concept of the all-white wedding gown is relatively new in French tradition. Introduced by Ann of Brittany, daughter of Francis II in 1499, the all-white wedding gown started receiving popularity and acceptance only in 19th century. The elaborate styling of modern white wedding gown is attributed to Empress Eugenie, who wore it in her wedding to Napoleon III in 1853. The idea behind an all-white wedding gown is to symbolize the matrimonial alliance as a token of the bride’s purity and innocence. Now coming to the traditional customs related to the wedding attire, two mo st important concepts are – a) the bridal trousseau and b) the wedding armoire. The bridal trousseau is a bundle of linen cloth given to the baby girl by her parents. The trousseau is also known as the ‘hope chest’ that is given to the girl for her future wedding ceremony. Besides, the girl is gifted with clothes, jewelry or any other items that she would need after her wedding, by her family members and friends. Contemporary customs also include this but in a modified manner of the old custom. Today, the bride is presented with all the household necessities in a stone-carved box by her family just before the wedding. According to the French tradition, the wedding armoir

Humman Genome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Humman Genome - Essay Example One of the larger societal issues raised by prenatal genetic testing is its limitations. Although the process makes it possible for one to assess genetic risk and diagnosis, there are tests that fail to show possible genetic mutations. Many of these tests require the families involved to make difficult decisions, something that might be all for nothing if the tests do not have predictive value (Hodge 68). The ethical issue here is the uncertainty related to these tests, some of which are not reliable enough to produce the required results. Another ethical concern is that some of the screening tests may provide false negative or false positive results (de Jong, DonDorp and Die-Smulders 276). This means that an expectant mother who receives the wrong results may not seek for proper medical assistance if it is needed. However, if there is credible reason for conducting prenatal testing, then parents should be allowed to test for disease susceptibility genes. In some families, there could be conditions that are genetic, and this is one of the reasons why parents should conduct prenatal testing (Hodge 68). If there is no medical history of genetic conditions in the family, or if there is no danger of the baby being born with defects, then there is no need to subject one to lengthy prenatal genetic testing. Too much of this testing could cause unwanted stress to the mother, and may affect the well being of the baby. Basic prenatal checkups are enough to ensure that both the mother and the unborn child are safe. Several insurance companies have attempted to control the pricing of their premiums based on their customers’ genetic information. This has presented a huge problem for people seeking insurance cover but may have genetic problems which they found out through genetic testing. Many people who have undergone one form of genetic

Freud and the ideas of the Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Freud and the ideas of the Enlightenment - Essay Example Sigmund Freud was born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1856 in Jewish family background. His father was a freethinker while Freud was a vowed atheist. Freud is regarded as the most famous, influential, and controversial thinker in figure in psychology (PBS, 1998). Sigmund Freud has many works and theories to his credit that has helped in shaping our childhood, personality, memory, sexuality, and therapy views.  Indeed, Sigmund Freud has made immense contribution to the understanding of irrationalism. Through Sigmund Freud and Charles Darwin, irrationalism began to explore subconscious and biological roots of experience. Though he did not invent the theory of consciousness, Sigmund Freud introduced the wider public to the notion of the unconscious mind. He noted that unconscious is the source of our motivations for food or sex, artist, or scientist (Boeree, 2009). He theorized the idea that forgetfulness/ repression or slips of the tongue are not accidental but a revelation of dyn amic unconscious. This was an articulation of the concept of unconscious. Freud claims that human behavior relies on drives or instincts, which are the neurological representations of physical needs. He also theorized the idea that sexual drive was the most powerful shaper of a persons psychology, and that sexuality manifests itself from childhood. Indeed, he claims that young boys develop attraction to their mothers and develop hate towards the fathers and vice versa for girls. This refined the concept of the infantile sexuality. Additionally, Sigmund Freud devised innovative treatment of human dreams, actions, and cultural artifacts (Liukkonen, 2008). This innovation has significantly brought relevant input in the fields of psychology, semiotics, appreciation, anthropology, and artistic creativity (Thornton, 2010). Most of these fields seek to define irrationalism. Freud also classified anxiety that is a feeling that signals ego into realistic, moral, and neurotic anxiety.

Tv Food Essay Example for Free

Tv Food Essay Have you ever sat in front of the TV devouring tons of snacks and not even paid attention to how much you had already eaten? That is why this essay sparked my attention! I constantly find myself in front of the TV craving snacks and chomping away, not even thinking about how much I am eating. Dolly Mittal, Richard J. Stevenson, Megan J. Oaten, and Laurie A. Miller conducted an experiment to find out if our memory is a factor for what we’ve already eaten. One amnesiac patient HM started this idea when he sat down to eat a second meal immediately after consuming the first because he had forgotten he already had eaten. This experiment is trying to show that snacking while watching TV, in opposition to snacking while not watching TV, can lead us to eat more later on. They want to prove it is because the TV affects our memory of how much we snacked earlier. In experiment one they take thirty-two female women that are not dieting and not diabetic with a BMI between 18 and 25 and let them spend 20 minutes eating as much snack food as they want. They are given chocolate balls, pringles, coca cola, and orange juice. Half of these ladies did it watching a 20 minute TV episode and the other half did it sitting quietly. Afterwards the remains were taken and measured; both groups consumed around the same amount of snacks. Around one hour later they sat the ladies down to eat lunch which would include: sandwiches, biscuits, crackers and dip. They found the result they were looking for when the women who had watched TV earlier while snacking ate more of this meal than the ladies who had earlier snacked without the TV. The result was finale when the TV group also couldn’t remember how much they had snacked on during the time they watched the TV. In experiment two the experiment was very similar to experiment one except that they wanted to see if the type of TV show would affect anything. This time they had the ladies watch different types of shows- funny, sad, and boring. The results were very similar to the first experiment and they learned that the type of TV show made no difference to the food they consumed. It was confirmed that when normal weight non-dieting females snack while watching TV, they later consume more food on a TV free meal than participants who snacked without TV. Also, participants who watched TV while snacking were less accurate in remembering the amount of snack food they had consumed. Something that I thought was interesting about this experiment is that it doesn’t work on men. In the journal it is mentioned that men take a different approach to this and try to eat as much food as possible, yet in the beginning the amnesiac patient HM that Hebben reported was a male. I didn’t like that the women fasted before they came to do the experiment. It is not a real life situation. Most of the time when I’m snacking in front of the TV I might have already eaten before that or I am just about to eat. Also If I knew that this experiment was all about food – I do not know if I would have eaten what I normally do. I might have been embarrassed and not given correct information. There is no way to make this experiment work 100% but that is how it is with most experiments. They conclude †Our data suggest that TV probably exerts some as yet unspecified effect on participants’ ability to recall earlier bouts of food consumption, leading to over consumption on a later TV free test meal. As TV viewing is associated with eating in so many different ways and as over consumption of food is a major problem in most industrialized nations, it would seem important to study exactly how this occurs. â€Å" Obesity is a HUGE problem in our country and I think that this could possibly have something to do with it. Even small children are watching TV now with a bag of chips in one hand and a soda in the other. Our nation is constantly getting fatter. Now when I sit in front of the TV I will think about what I’m eating and apply what I know to help me consume the right amount of food.

A Study On Electric Machines Engineering Essay

A Study On Electric Machines Engineering Essay The classical set of machines represents the asynchronous induction, synchronous, DC machines, and variable reluctance machines. Among these classical machines, the asynchronous machine is most widely used in a large range of applications and is able to operate as a motor (converting electrical power into mechanical power) or as a generator (converting mechanical power into electrical power). The machine can be fed via a power electronic converter or connected directly to an AC or DC supply. Electric machines are majorly based on 4 principles. The first principle is that an electrical current produce a magnetic field around it that can be strengthened by more than a thousand times when passing through iron. The second principle is called motor action and is defined by a force perpendicular to both the direction of the electrical current and the magnetic field. This induced force is given by: F= i (L) B: magnetic flux density L= length of wire i= magnitude of current in the wire The third principle is that an electrical conductor moving in a magnetic field has an electrical current induced in it creating an electromotive force. The induced voltage is expressed by the following formula: ?ind= (v) L v: velocity of the wire L: length of conductor in the magnetic field B: magnetic flux density The fourth principle is that a change in the magnetic field in a circuit can cause an induced voltage to this circuit. This effect is based on the Faradays law that states that when a flux passes through a turn of coil, a voltage proportional to the rate of change of the flux will be induced. ?ind = N: number of turns of wire in coils ?ind: voltage induced F: flux passing in the coil (http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/elmotors.htm) An electric machine has two essential electrical parts: The stator and the rotor. The stator (derived from the word stationary) is the stationary part of the machine forming a hollow cylinder consisting of individual electro-magnets shaped towards the middle. The rotor (derived from the word rotating) is located inside the stator and consists of a group of electro-magnet arranged around a cylinder, mounted on the motors shaft with its poles facing toward the stator poles. The rotor is the rotating component of the machine. (http://www.reliance.com/mtr/mtrthrmn.htm) (http://www.reliance.com/mtr/mtrthrmn.htm) In general, when the change of flux is associated with mechanical motion, it is the case of electromagnetic energy conversion. Regarding the rotation machines, the voltage is generated in groups of coils, often called windings, by three different ways. The first technique is by mechanical rotation of the windings through a magnetic field, the second is mechanical rotation of the magnetic field past the winding, and third by the design of the magnetic circuit so that the reluctance varies with the rotation of the rotor. So these methods generate a time-varying voltage caused by the cyclic charge of the flux linking a specific coil. The armature winding of a machine is a combination of such coils interconnected so that their generated voltage is close to the desired. In a DC machine, the armature is the rotating member or rotor. As for the AC machine, the armature is the stationary member or stator. The coils pointed out previously are wound on iron cores in order to maximize the coupling between the coils, to increase the magnetic energy density associated with electromechanical interaction, and to shape and distribute the magnetic fields according to the requirements of each particular machine design. Eddy currents will be induced in the armature iron since it is subjected to a time varying magnetic flux. To minimize this eddy-current loss, thin laminations for the armature of AC machines construct the armature iron. The magnetic circuit is completed through the iron of the other machine member, and excitation coils, or field windings, may be placed on that member to act as the primary source of flux. Permanent magnets may be used in small machines, and developments in permanent magnet technology are resulting in their use in larger machines. In variable reluctance machines, there are no windings on the rotor, and the operation depends on the non uniformity of air-gap reluctan ce associated with variations in rotor position. (electric machinery fifth edition (LIBRARY)) AC electric machines AC machines are motors converting AC electrical energy to mechanical energy and generators that convert mechanical to AC electrical energy. AC electric machines are divided into two types: Asynchronous (induction) and synchronous machines. The difference between these two types is that induction machines have their field currents supplied by magnetic induction while the field current in synchronous ones are supplied by a separate DC source. (Electric machinery fundamentals). The principle of rotating magnetic fields is the main rule of the operation to most ac motors. The magnetic field created by the poles will make the rotor rotate making the stator poles progressively change. This change will make the rotor follow and rotate with the magnetic field of the stator. As each change is made, the poles of the rotor are attracted by the opposite poles on the stator, forcing the rotor to rotate with the stator field. (http://www.reliance.com/mtr/mtrthrmn.htm) The rotor is rotating within the stator at angular velocity ?n, the magnitude of the flux density vector B at any angle a around the stator is given by B= BM cos(?t-a). Then the voltage induced in the stator that has N turns of wire is expressed by eind= NF?cos(?t). The voltage induced is sinusoidal with amplitude depending on the flux, angular velocity and a constant depending on the construction of the machine. In a three phase set of coils, the voltages induced will have same magnitude but they are shifted by 120 degrees. eaa'(t)= NF? sin(?t) ebb'(t)= NF? sin(?t-120) ecc'(t)= NF? sin(?t-240) The rms voltage of each phase is: EA= pNFf

Why Mark Antonys Speech so Effective in Persuading his Audience :: essays research papers

Mark Antony's famous speech is a great example of a good speech. The ability of Antony to convince an audience, who at the beginning were against him, of his point of view is remarkable. I particularly love the way in which he is able to turn the word honorable around to in fact mean dishonorable. Antony confronts a crowd that is against him. In order to turn the crowd to his side he uses irony and rhetorical questions but without breaking his word, not to wrong Brutus, ?I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke? Antony indirectly persuades the crowd that Brutus was wrong in killing Caesar and that Caesar's death should be avenged. The use of rhetorical questions in Antony's speech causes the crowd to question what they once thought. "You loved him once, not without cause What cause withholds you then to mourn for him?? This rhetorical question goes against Brutus by questioning his speech in which he so greatly demonized Caesar. Now the crowd is starting to turn against Brutus in favor of Antony. The audience question themselves. This in turn makes them question what Brutus once told them. ?Perhaps Brutus manipulated us to make us think along his lines?, they may have questioned. He repeatedly states that ?Brutus is an honorable man?. The quote reveals much about the character of Brutus. Not only does Antony?s quote point, obviously, to the fact that Brutus is seen as an honorable man, but in its tone, it also raises questions as to whether this honor is suitably placed. Brutus is seen by all of Rome as a good man and Antony sees the self-important side of Brutus which has developed from this. He notices this and uses it against Brutus. Through repeatedly stating the idea that ?Brutus is an honorable man?, he then points out the fact that Brutus is claiming to be so ?honorable? because he murdered Caesar. Antony impressively turns the people from Brutus?s line of thought to his own. The respect from the people is not quite strong enough to hold when Brutus takes his supposed moral intentions and kills his friend Ceaser. Brutus? reputation, although good, is not good enough to cover such blatantly faulty motives, which were unnoticed before they were subtly pointed out by Antony. ?Brutus is an honorable man?. It is paradoxical how his words ring true with both truth and sarcasm. With Antony?s one brief line an entire portrait of Brutus is created.

Natural is Relative Essay -- Invention Writing Technology Papers

Natural is Relative In his essay "From Pencils to Pixels," professor and author Dennis Baron wrote, "We have a way of getting so used to writing technologies that we come to think of them as natural rather than technological. We assume that pencils are a natural way to write because they are old†¦" (51). When assigned to develop my own writing technology, however, I discovered that this common human conception is wrong. Dead wrong. And the word "natural" - as we use it today - is relative. My mission was to forego modern writing tools (pencils, pens, paper, chalk, etc.) and write 20 words or less with natural materials of my choosing. The word "natural" was debatable, however. Produce, for example, is considered natural, but to use an apple that has been picked, cleaned, packaged and then sold at a supermarket is arguably less natural than using an apple straight from a tree. I wanted to aim high and avoid the quasi-natural, so I settled for pine needles. They were abundant at my parents' house and easy to break apart in order to form letters, I reasoned. Due to an excess of winter weather, I would have no choice but to spell out my text in the snow. Winter was in full swing during the afternoon I trekked outside to complete the assignment. I could not manage to do more than 30 seconds of "writing" without a huge icy gust of wind passing through and taking my project with it. I needed something a bit heavier, and I decided to use small sticks. Just the process of gathering twigs was a somewhat tedious one. Each stick had to be thin and relatively knob-free so I could break it easily, but if it was too thin, it risked being blown away. I was developing my technology and attempting to craft it to perfection - or at... ...t primitive form. We created it. That being said, quite frankly, "There is no way to write 'naturally'" (Ong 322). Works Cited Baron, Dennis. "From Pencils to Pixels." Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble, Anne Trubek. Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 2003. 35-53. Baron, Naomi. "The Art and Science of Handwriting." Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble, Anne Trubek. Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 2003. 54-60. Ong, Walter. "Writing is a Technology that Restructures Thought." Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble, Anne Trubek. Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 2003. 315-335. Plato. "From Phaedrus." Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble, Anne Trubek. Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 2003. 360-363.

Barn Burning Essay -- essays papers

Barn Burning â€Å"Barn Burning† by William Faulkner was written in the ebb of the 1930’s in a decade of social, economic, and cultural decline. This story offers insight into the past years for students to learn of the nation and the South. This story shows the racial segregation that took place in these times between the white landowners and white tenant farmers, the blacks and the whites, and the poor white trash class and the blacks. The Snopes’s family was in the social class of the poor, white tenant farmers. The father, Abner Snopes, had to struggle to provide for his family. In the family there were the mother and her sister, two daughters, and two sons. The older son, Flem, worked with Abner, and the younger son, Sarty, helped with the chores. Sarty, along with others, had trouble understanding his father’s way of life and his attitude towards society. Abner was a harsh man. His crusade as a sharecropper exploited his inner feelings of resentment towards the landowners. Having little or no patience with each new situation, he resorted to the only ...

Books and the Internet Essay

The book industry has always been an integral part of society. However, recent surges in technology, especially the internet, have put this industry under pressure and have transformed it into a broader, more competitive entity. In the past, the book store was the only pace to buy and sell books but these buildings could be soon be obsolete with the introduction of online shopping for books and the more impressive and rapidly growing industry of e-books, as seen by the accompanying chart1. Figures from 2012 show that giant online bookstore Amazon, is now selling 1.4 e-books for every print book sold and this trend is showing no signs of slowing down2. These steps in technology give both readers and authors great opportunities. The introduction of online shopping and e-books have given consumers food for thought in regards to what way they go about buying a book. The somewhat â€Å"old-fashioned† way in some regards of visiting the nearby bookstore is nearly a thing of the past with the introduction of online shopping. The now giant online superstore Amazon.com was the first online bookstore back in 1994, created by Jeffrey Bezos3. It gave book readers the benefit of being able to buy books from home as well offering lower prices. Publishers don’t need to fill shelves with books, once a book is ordered it is produced and shipped to the customer4. The unneeded stock pile of books results in lower costs for the publisher and thus lower costs for the online buyer. These two options result in the customer buying a paper book. The third option differs from this and really brings technology to the fore. E-books are rapidly growing and are taking the book industry over by storm. E-books can be bought over the internet and downloaded to various devices (e-readers) such as Amazon’s Kindle and Apple’s iPad. They offer many advantages over paper books to readers5. Compared to some paper books which are big, heavy, cumbersome objects to be carrying around, hundreds of e-books can be stored on an e-reader. In terms of costs, e-books offer the cheaper option than paper books as no trees or ink have to be used in the sale of e-books. E-books also offer the benefit of privacy in regards to others knowing what book you are reading as well as offering certain tools such as a dictionary, built in lights, access to the internet etc. Special add-ons can also be included as part of an e-book such as additional pictures or content6. The introduction of e-books could possibly have a greater effect for authors than readers. Their introduction has expanded the book world, allowing the smaller authors to be seen as well as letting smaller business compete4. A similar technological progression in the music and movie industry resulted in some parts of the industry being destroyed as CDs replaced VCRs and cassettes, thus rendering the latter obsolete4. As previously mentioned, e-books require lower cost to be produced and do not require shelf space to be seen. This means that even small time authors can get their books produce without too much difficulty as publishing such e-books bears little costs to the publisher7. The lower cost also results in higher margins for the publisher as well as the author. On the other side of the coin, since e-books are downloaded digitally, once a customer buys one, they can easily send it onto another customer8. This piracy results in losses for both the publisher and author. The chart shows the increase in piracy and file-sharing since mid-2008 with the use of such file-sharing websites as Rapidshare. com, 4shared. com and Megaupload. net9. In conclusion, the progression of technology and the internet has changed the book industry drastically. Gone are the days where one had to make the journey to the bookshop in order to read the newly released classic. Online shopping has cut out that journey with the click of the button while e-books have cut out the physical book altogether. In my opinion, the future book industry will be taken over by e-books with paper books being left to be a thing of the past. References 1 Terra, Evo. (2012) ‘2008 – 2011 Book Sales Chart’, 2nd March 2012. Available at: https://plus. google.com/109993735355691141353/posts/fr3e3N171nr (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 2 BBC News (2012) ‘Amazon selling more Kindle eBooks than print books’, 6th August 2012. Available at: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/technology-19148146 (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 3 Byers, A. (2007) ‘Jeff Bezos: The Founder of Amazon. com. ’. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group. 4 Kagan, J. (2012) ‘How the E-Book Is Reinventing the Book Business, E-Commerce Times’, 2nd September. Available from: http://www. ecommercetimes. com/story/74383. html (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 5 Hess, S.(2012) ‘E-Books or Real Books: What Book Lovers Think – The benefits and drawbacks of e-books’, 31st January. Available at: http://www. webpronews. com/e-books-or-real-books-what-book-lovers-think-2012-01 (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 6 Willans, J. (2012) ‘The 5 most exciting ways tech has revolutionized the book industry’, 30th April. Available at: http://conversations. nokia. com/2012/04/30/the-5-most-exciting-ways-tech-has-revolutionized-the-book-industry/ (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 7 Bosman, J (2008) ‘Small Book Publishers Offered New Technology’ , 3rd September. Available at: http://www. nytimes. com/2008/09/04/books/04perseus. html? _r=0 (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 8 Messieh, N (2011) ‘Does e-book piracy really matter? ’ , 24th June. Available at: http://thenextweb. com/media/2011/06/24/does-e-book-piracy-really-matter/ (Accessed 2nd December 2012) 9 unknown (2010) ‘The Rise in eBook Piracy’, October. Available at: http://www. attributor. com/data/php/research/234-the-rise-in-ebook-piracy. php (Accessed 2nd December 2012)

Health and Care Level 2

1 Understand why communication is the working setting 1. 1 Identify the different  reasons people communicate  Ã‚                                                                                                                                       As a human being we have the sense to have others around us and as a result it is essential to communicate. Communication is a two way process and is a vital tool in our lives so it is very important to have a good communication. Reasons to communicate: -To express needs -To share and exchange ideas -To give and receive information and instructions -To socialise and share experiences -To build relationship To reassure -To express feelings and emotions -To understand and to be understood 1. 2 Explain how affective communication affects all aspects of the learners work. Within the care setting it's vital to communicate with people at all time. Effectiv e communication is important as ensures  that is  clear, concise, accurate, informative and most of all non-judgemental. Communication ensures affective team working and continuity of care. 1. 3Why it is important to observe an individual's reactions when communicating with them Communication is a two-way process when two individuals interact with each other.One person is de sender and the other person automatically becomes the receiver. Observing face and body reaction is very important because only 70-80% of communication is verbal so for that reason if you don't pay attention you can miss out on a large proportion of the communication. When working with an individual, supporters must get to know the person well and learn the best way to communicate with them as everyone has different needs. 2. 1Show how to find out an individual's communication and language needs, wishes and preferences.There are many ways of communication and people communicate in all sort of different ways, for that reason we should try to communicate with the person we are caring for in the easiest way as possible. One of the ways to find out a person's needs and preferences is by asking the person themselves as they are your best source of information. Otherwise you can speak to a family member or a close friend as they will probably have a great source of information. Another way to find out your clients wishes and preferences is by reading their care plan or asking a colleague with previous experience with a client. . 2 Demonstrate communication methods that meet an individual’s communication needs, wishes and preferences. Overcoming language differences and communication. First of all you will need to find out where the person is from and their culture, a use of a dictionary in their language will also help and be prepared to learn a fill words in their language. Other ways of overcoming the language barriers is the use of flashcards to indicate there needs but the most ef fective way communication with a person who speaks another language is a non-verbal communication.The use of gestures can also be helpful but bear in mind that some gestures can be extremely offensive in some cultures. An interpreter is also another alternative in a serious discussion. A smile and a friendly face can be the key to overcome communication barriers. Meeting communication needs for someone with a hearing impairment. First of all make sure the persons hearing aid is working properly, installed with working batteries, clean, and that the person hearing aid is fitted correctly. Ensure the place where you sitting is quiet, light, and close enough so that the person can see your face clearly.Some people with hearing impairment will lip read while others will use a form of sign language for communication. Give the service user extra time to process what you are trying to say, speak clearly and in the right tone of voice. Meeting communication needs for someone with visual imp airment. As a carer we should know that a person with visual impairment is not sure what is going on around them because of their disability. The ways of overcoming that barrier: –  making sure that you introduce yourself when entering their room -speaking clearly in a right tone of voice using touch to the hand and arm as saying you are concerned and sympathetic -find out from the client what system of communication they require -never take the arm of someone who is visually impaired to help them move around, allow the person the person to take your arm and ask for guidance. Meeting communication needs of people with physical disability. – There is different ways to deal with disability because it would depend on the nature of the disability or illness. For example if your client had a stroke you will need to use very short sentences, speaking slowly and allowing the person to process what you have said and compose a reply.Using gestures and simple questions which o nly need a yes or a no answer is always a good method of communication. Writing, drawing or using flash cards is also another way of communication. – Neurone disease or cerebral palsy can also lead to speech difficulty, it means that there is no need to speak slowly as the person will understand perfectly what you are saying but it will be difficult to reply back to you. Also you will have to become familiar with sounds and the way the person communicate. Meeting the communication needs of people with a learning disability.When working with people with learning disability you have to adjust to their way of communication. You should gatherer essential information about the person and their level of understanding and kind of communication is most effective. One of the ways to communicate with a person with learning disability is physical contact, some people have a better understanding with physical level rather than a verbal level, but this will depend in each individual. 2. 3 How and when to seek advice about communication The best way to find out in who to communicate with a person is asking themselves.However if communication is not possible you can ask their family or a close friend. Nevertheless when communication is hard and you fill that the person you are communicating with is not capturing the message you should seek advice by asking your line manager in getting specialists or organisations involved and helping you to communicate. There are many organisations with specified knowledge about communication with individuals with sensory loss. Do not assume you can do everything yourself. You should seek advice  whenever you have doubts so you can provide the best service possible. . 1 Identify barriers to effective communication There are many barriers which effect communication. Culture is one of them. We take for granted that everyone has the same view of point of communication. In some cultures a younger person shouldn't have eye contact with th e oldest and some articular gestures can be very disrespectful. The is also the language barrier, so remember when communicating with a person who speaks a different language from you, you should speak clearly, using proper words without abbreviation, in a right tune of voice.Communicating with people with sensory loss can be a barrier. The best way to overcome the barriers: -list the problems to the communication. -list the ways you could try to overcome the communication problems. 3. 2Demonstrate ways to reduce barriers to effect communication -making the person feel as comfortable as possible -use gestures and pictures -give extra time for the person to process what you have said -smile, showing a positive expression -be warn and encouraging -make use of a dictionary if needed -speak clearly in a right tone of voice check hearing aid to see if it is working properly -use appropriate signing -use writing communication -reduce noise and improve lighting -repeating information if ne cessary -keep calm and remain patient -keep conversation sort and simple with someone who has difficulty in replay -judge appropriate level of communication -make sure conversation has been understood Remember you should always give your client the opportunity to express their needs and preferences Demonstrate ways to check that communication has been understood Making sure the person understood the conversation is vital.You can do that by: -listening effectively -ask the person to recap the discussion -maintain eye contact, to the person’s reaction -use of body language -make use of questions like (what, how, why, when and where) -showing interest to the conversation by leaning slightly -check their facial expression to see if the person has engaged in the conversation. 3. 4 Identify sources of information and support or services to enable more effective communication Language issues: You may need the service of an interpreter.You can find details of how to contact one from: your line manager, social services, police, embassy or the consulate of the person in need. Illness that affect people’s ability to produce sounds, use their neck and facial muscles may need the use of assistive technology. Some people will need advice of a speech and language therapist. People with sensory loss can use the NRCPD. This includes sign language, interpreters, lip readers, deaf blind communication and note takes. 4. 1Explain the term confidentialityConfidentiality means not sharing information about someone’s private personal information without their knowledge and consent. 4. 2Demonstrate confidentiality in a day-to-day communication in line with agreed ways of communication All the  information someone gives or is given on their behalf to an organisation is confidential and it should not be passed on. In some situations personal information needs to be passed on to a hospital, residential home, to a private agency. However only the information which i s required should be given.It is unethical to disclose of any information or talk about peoples personal issues with family, friends and colleagues. 4. 3 Describe situations where information normally considered to be confidential might need to be passed on There are many situations where confidential information should be passed on. If you receive an information about child abuse you should report the information even if the child refuses to agree. But if an adult or an elderly person has been abused you have to have their consent, you can only persuade them to allow you to pass on the information.Police might need personal information about an individual if they have been involved in a serious crime. In a situation when an individual threats to harm someone else or if they put others in danger. 4. 4 Explain how and when to seek advice about confidentiality If you are unsure when to maintain confidentiality you should seek advice from your manager whether is regarding clients or co lleagues. Maintaining trust and relationship with others is very important so check the organisation on information and confidentiality

Baderman Island Family Vacations Essay

Baderman Island Family Vacations: Advertising, Creative, and Media Strategies Advertising not only works but is often unmatched in its capacity to reach major audiences, build brand awareness and personality, as well as stimulate curiosity and desire. But, more than ever, companies today [in this very competitive environment] need the right creative messages and media choices in an effort to break through the â€Å"noise† in order to get noticed, and therefore, remembered. This paper will outline Baderman Island’s Family Vacations advertising plan, further expanding on creative decisions and effective media strategies in an effort to increase market share. Baderman Island – Family Vacations Analysis Family getaways are one of the top reasons that guests stay at Baderman Island, regardless of whether the stay is a seven day excursion or a weekend family reunion. With so many activities to choose from such as: boat rentals, water skiing, snorkeling, scuba diving, tennis, golf, five secluded beaches, Oasis Spa, and gallery touring there is truly something for everyone in the family to enjoy, not to mention all the activities on the island are appropriate for visitors of all ages. The many unique selling points of Baderman Island Family Vacations consist of the island being self contained, all-inclusive, hosting an array of restaurants, three different hotels, and unlimited activities to entertain and relax all guests. Currently, the marketing situation consists of a website that is an excellent tool for attracting guests and showing them all the perks of the island through pictures and blogs. The blog is a new advancement to the website, but should prove to attract positively more guests through the testimonials of previous visitors. Target Audience The target audience for Baderman Island is the typical â€Å"family vacationers† who are looking for a resort that offers a variety of activities without having to leave the premises. These families will consist of parents with at least one child. The target family will be the family who consists of two adults within the household with at â€Å"least† 2-3 children to help maximize profits. All races, ethnicities and cultures are welcome. The target market will be an adult who enjoy warm weather vacations with family, spending quality time with each other enjoying activities and who have a love for the beach and fine art. The target audience will also consist of consumers who fall within the lower to middle class and above demographics searching for a family destination that does not require leaving the United States (U.  S. ). Not all families can afford the cost of securing passports and expensive air travel to the Caribbean. Creative Strategies A creative strategy is important to the overall execution of an advertising campaign. Team C will use a â€Å"positioning† approach as its creative strategy. In this approach Baderman Island will be clearly defined as the number one â€Å"all inclusive† destination for family travel. Brand image approach will also be incorporated into the strategy. This will help consumers correlate the Baderman Island brand as a top notch, high quality destination. This approach will be accomplish by using an easy to remember slogan, such as â€Å"Baderman Island Family Vacations, the Finest Place to Reconnect,† as well as further using the ever popular slogan, â€Å"Relax, Enjoy, Indulge. † Increased emphasis will be placed on marketing the concept that Baderman Island is a unique destination specializing in family activities. This will enable Baderman Island to distinguish themselves from other competitive resorts in the marketplace. All creative advertisement associated with the resort will be colorful and eye catching; it will feature pictures that depict happy families vacationing and spending time together, further providing a visual of what family vacationing could be for the potential customer. On radio spots sound bites will be used of customer testimonials of how happy they were when they vacationed on the island. TV ads will also depict families enjoying themselves on the beach, playing golf, in the spa, visiting the museums and art galleries, and participating in the many sports activities offered on the island. The television ads will also highlight the many pricing plans and payment options where applicable. Positioning Statement Baderman Island’s positioning concept will explain that Baderman Island Family Vacations is for vacationers with families who are seeking a luxury resort â€Å"experience† to reenergize from their busy lives and reconnect with family and friends, and that Baderman Island Family Resorts is one of the most luxurious destinations in the world. The island offers four star accommodations that highlight a world-class spa featuring a full range of treatments designed around the resort’s natural springs, sophisticated purpose-designed meeting facilities, and an assortment of other amenities all delivered with a high level of personalized service (University of Phoenix, 2008). All of this is made available on this self-contained, all-inclusive resort island that is surrounded by the beautiful Kelsey River. Golfing, fishing, spa facilities, museum excursions and a beautiful beach are all available to vacationers of this island. Message Platform Baderman’s message platform is to develop Baderman’s brand and when potential guest see the logo, they will envision the beautiful crystal clear waters, which symbolizes peacefulness as well as relaxation. Presently, Baderman Island is expanding the brand on the 1,600 acres of land they own. 750 acres are operational. See map below. (University of Phoenix, 2008). In an effort to increase brand recognition Baderman Island will rely heavily on word-of-mouth marketing. The expectation will be that satisfied guest will continuously sell the brand for the resort while Baderman Island continues to make capital improvements. Once the Baderman Island’s guest vacation experience is over and they leave, the hope is that they will tell their friends about the wonderful experience during their stay. Word-of-mouth advertising is one of the most effective advertising vehicles when feedback is 100% positive. Baderman Island will strive to be the number one vacationing spot. Baderman Island will be well known for the following attributes: Owning an island, which exclusively promotes their brand, and having facilities that offer excellent customer service. Baderman Island makes a point of listening to guests who have enjoyed previous stays and will continue to develop innovative ideas that include customer feedback on how to improve future stays. Media Strategies and Objectives Print media is one of the most efficient ways to reach potential customers. For example, magazines are a medium that has a number of special-interest publications segments that can reach Baderman target audience (Wisconsin Department of Tourism, 2009). As a result, print ads, billboards, and brochures will be Baderman Island’s priority media vehicles of choice. Baderman Island will also use a number of advertising campaigns which will run a variation of television commercials, all emphasizing family fun. An additional strategy that Baderman will use in order to develop a relationship with potential guests is through the use of [developing] creative brochures which will assist with enticing guest towards booking a vacation on Baderman’s Island property. After all, they are inquiring about Baderman’s vacationing experience, so brochures will bring Baderman’s Island Vacations upfront and personal to future guest. Guests will be able to look at full color ads while reading a wealth of information regarding services, pricing plans, recreation packages, spa schedules and a host of activities used to keep children occupied during the day. The objective is to have future guest pick-up and carry brochures with them so they can view the material at their leisure and share it with family and friends. Baderman will capitalize on the idea that the brochure is portable which gives the upper hand rather then relying on guest to remember a 60 second commercial. Lastly, radio air time will also be explored as a media option. There are seven times as many radio stations as television stations in the U. S. (Wisconsin Department of Tourism, 2009) therefore; this is a medium that Baderman will seek to explore with the assistance of a limited-service agency. Strategy RationaleThe rationale behind the creative strategies and campaign message is to ensure that Baderman Island Vacations stands out over the competition. Creating the easy to remember message of â€Å"Baderman Island Family Vacations, the Finest Place to Reconnect,† will capture the image of Balderman Island at its fullest. In addition, using vibrant colors within ads and â€Å"real† people will not only be an eye catcher, but also illustrates the fun side of Balderman Island. Using photos of smiling and happy families doing fun activities together as part of advertisement features will say it all. Baderman Island will use similar stock photos in all advertisements. By placing the emphasis on â€Å"family† the brand image that Baderman Island will be known for will be something that both existing and potential customers will relate too. The resort will also seek to create a feeling of nostalgia where people who see the billboards, magazines, website, or hear radio advertisements will wish and want to experience what Baderman Island offers. An addition strategy will be to choose air time during busy traffic hours to advertise services. What better time to dream being somewhere else than when a person is stuck in a traffic jam. As a family resort, Baderman Island believes in getting and giving the best. As customers, Baderman personnel staff expects the best on both products and services from providers, and it is only right that the resort gives the same respect, treatment and consideration to their customers. Baderman Island stands on the priority objective of treating customers â€Å"just like family. †Supportive ResourcesAlthough many companies have opted towards using outside advertising agencies exclusively for assistance with creative ideas, Balderman Island prefers to do it themselves. Baderman Island’s in-house creative teams provide a range of services depending on the resorts needs and are familiar with the resorts rich history and many products and services. The in-house team is also better equipped to handle adhoc problems regarding advertisements within a timely manner. Keeping creative development in-house will provide the resort more control with lower risks of having proprietary confidential information leaking into the wrong hands, also keeping in mind that external agencies have other clients to assist. In addition to risk management, in-house creative resources for creative support make it easier to coordinate and have a more â€Å"personal† touch with the service versus an outside agency. In addition to in-house support Baderman Island will seek advice from limited-services agencies which specializes in one aspect of creative process; usually providing creative production work or the purchase of media space (Wisconsin Department of Tourism, 2008). A limited-services agency will be used in order to coordinate radio air time and in some instances magazine space. ConclusionAs stated earlier, Baderman Island Family Vacations is striving to continue to compete in a very competitive environment. With the consistent advertising message, â€Å"Baderman Island Family Vacations, the Finest Place to Reconnect,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Baderman will further expand on that message by building upon a media strategy that emphasis family, fun, relationships, and value. Therefore, a media strategy that focuses on â€Å"awareness advertising,† where the attempts to build Baderman Island’s image and familiarity with the resort brand and excellent services will be their ticket towards marketing success. Baderman Island is confident that by using multi-media vehicles of print ads, billboards, brochures, television commercials, and radio spots their target audience will be effectively reached. Six months post campaign launch, Baderman will evaluate their advertising effectiveness through monitoring and post-evaluation tools and re-evaluate their marketing plan accordingly based on results.

Electrical Engineering Essay

1. Introduction Engineers have the potential of developing technology that will be used by hundreds, thousands, even millions of people. Since so many people are using this technology, it has to be safe and it has to benefit one population without making another suffer. As the engineers design new technology, they are the ones that have an ethical responsibility to ensure that it will not endanger lives or cause any suffering. The purpose of the essay is to explore the specific issues that face electrical engineers. The primary focus in this essay will be addressing the question: how can an issue be an ethical concern if it does not directly endanger human life or society? This is particularly important as in contrast to other branches of engineering, the moral issues surrounding electrical engineering do not usually affect a consumer’s health or lead to injury or death. A civil engineering dilemma could involve a building collapsing or roads falling apart leading to direct death or injury, s uch as the â€Å"L’Ambiance Plaza Collapse†1 in Connecticut, or the â€Å"Sampoong Department Store Collapse†2 in Seoul. However, as discussed in Fleddermann (2000)3, the problems faced by electrical engineers are no less important, and that the engineers in this discipline should be aware of the particular ethical dilemmas of this field. The field of electrical engineering covers a wide range of technology from power generation and transmission lines to integrated circuits used in computers. This essay will outline, using real-life examples, three major concerns in electrical engineering and explain how they impact the world on an international scale. The current solutions to the ethical dilemmas will be evaluated using ethical analysis, and alternative solutions will be provided. The following scenarios are an excellent illustration of the ethical issues that electrical engineers have to face and opens up a unique discussion about their responsibilities in both a national and international setting. Issue 1 – Quality of product vs. commercial success Electrical engineers are involved in the manufacturing of everyday household appliances. The circuitry that is designed is used in products that are sold by the manufacturer. Manufacturer’s can prioritise the commercial success of their product over the actual quality. This can result in a conflict of interest between manufacturer and engineer since the manufacturer can be  financially motivated, whereas an engineer is supposed to hold paramount the welfare of public in their professional duties (engineering code of ethics)5. An example of this is the manufacturing of the Intel microprocessor in 19944. The microprocessor had a flaw in it that meant that a regularly used operation by users would give the incorrect results. The engineers knew of this problem, and rectified it for future version. Despite this, Intel continued selling the product. This error was found by users, and Intel decided it would only replace microprocessor with a good one to people who could demonstrate that they needed it. Should Intel have provided a replacement regardless? Since Intel was aware of the problem, was it unethical to withhold this information from the users? If this information had been given, and warnings had been included, does this solve the ethical problems for the company? According to Intel, since the error was so minor it would not affect the majority of users. However the few people would have ‘suffered’ from this flaw could have been rectified if Intel had offered to replace their microprocessor for free. This is what Intel did do and so according to utilitarianism principles their response was ethically sound. However, what was immoral was the fact that they did not bring up this issue themselves, and that they continued manufacturing and selling the product without warnings. They did not respect the dignity of their consumers enough to let them be informed consumers. By applying Kantian ethics, one can determine that Intel did not respect the dignity of their customers, and was merely using them as a means to an end. This was to maximise their profit margin by exhausting their faulty stock. There are a number of alternative solutions that Intel could have taken. Intel could have continued selling their product with a warning label so that further customer’s would be aware of flaw. A better solution would have been if Intel discontinued making this microprocessor and told their customers of the flaw straight away, whilst also offering a replacement chip. Issue 2 – experimental nature of electrical. The technology used by engineers to design equipment is complex, and outside the understanding of a majority of general consumers. In addition to this, the lasting effect of some of these technologies is unknown. Since electrical technology is designed on such a small scale, there can be  unknown effects due to our limited understanding of quantum physics. This raises an interesting issue that has sparked debate. Can we use technology that we don’t fully understand, but use on a daily basis? Is it safe to use this technology considering that there may be a potential risk that we have yet to comprehend? The nature of electrical engineering can be somewhat experimental. Transmission lines are used every day to transfer energy into our homes. There are inconclusive theories6 that suggests that these transmission lines which emit low-frequency electromagnetic radiation can be harmful to the general population. This ranges from causing headaches and muscles fatigue to an increased risk of cancer6. Is an engineer obliged to consider these potential risks in their design, even if there is little proof or knowledge into the lasting effects? Currently transmission lines are designed so that they are around 5-10 metres off the ground, this is both for efficiency as well as to remove them from the reach of the general public, avoiding electrocution. However, not many transmission lines have shielding to reduce or eliminate the effects of electromagnetic fields, as there is no quantitative evidence to suggest that shielding is necessary. If the observational theories were proven to be true, however unlikely, that would mean that the general public have been placed in a position of possible harm. In the unlikely case this was true, does the small probability of this being true outweigh the seriousness of the potential harm (cancer). An engineer should be morally responsible at all times, and so an engineer should employ some sort of safety measure. Even if there is only a tiny potential for transmission lines to have lasting negative effects, there should be methods used to combat this threat. This is applying contractualism principles. If engineers themselves believed that they could be exposed to these harmful effects, and knew that they could do something about it, they would integrate some shielding into their transmission line design. Issue 3 – sustainability and power generation, impact of cheap labour Power generation and sustainability is a key concern for all people in the world. Electrical engineers are a vital part of this global machine concerned with sustainability. Engineers primarily concern themselves with providing the most efficient means of power generation and distribution, but this can cause negative effects on the global community. Can a balance be achieved? Is it possible for an electrical engineer to be  morally responsible at all time? Our current primary energy source is dependent on a limited resource, coal and fossil fuels7. The utilisation of these materials results in emissions and waste that are harmful to the environment. Since an electrical engineer is only concerned with the production of energy and not of its disposal is this even an issue they should concern themselves with? It’s not just up to one person to be ethically responsible. An engineer is only a small part of a network of morally autonomous agents. An engineer can apply virtue ethics or kantian ethics, and create awareness of environmental issues. An engineer should have a virtuous nature and consider all areas of society that they can impact. If an engineer applies Kantianism, their actions would involve trying to tell their managers that they are using the Earth’s limited resources as a means to an end, and the environment gets negatively affected by this. If an engineer raises concern about environmental issues, then they are ethically sound. Even if the situation does not change due to the opinions of higher up people, the engineer has done all that they can be expected to. Cheap Labour: An example of our global effect is found in a youtube video8 where cheap child labour is used to break down parts in a circuit board for further use. The toxic fumes emitted from deconstructing the components are extremely hazardous and can cause lasting health consequences. Companies source labour to developing countries because it is an extremely economical alternative. This is primarily due to developing nations not having as stringent workplace health and safety requirements, and also being able to obtain workers who would work for a much lower wage. Essentially this action will achieve the same outcome, for a lesser cost. These companies clearly priorities profit margins over social wellbeing. Is this an electrical engineers concern? An electrical engineer is part of the company that makes the decision to employ cheap labour, and so they can be in a position to influence this decision. A number of options are available. Employ 1st world employees to perform the same job locally This will mean that there is a higher cost for the company. However, this will take away work from third work countries. Cheap labour will no longer  be exploited, but the people of the country will no longer have employment, which could have serious roll-over effects on the society and economy. A better solution would be: Employ 3rd world employees, and provide better wages and working conditions. The major benefit of this is that a company can still provide work for the global community, while improving the working conditions and economies of the developing nations, rather than exploiting them. The downside is extra cost put into educating employees and providing good equipment to apply process. Both scenarios involve extra money input from companies, resulting in loss of profits, but this is weighed against the safety of the people contracted to the company. Value of human life is held paramount here which satisfies engineering code of ethics. References 1. http://www.engineering.com/Library/ArticlesPage/tabid/85/ArticleID/168/LAmbiance-Plazza.aspx 2. http://www.hazardcards.com/card.php?id=8 3. http://www.ele.uri.edu/courses/ele400/f12/cases.pdf 4. B. Crothers, â€Å"Pentium woes continue,† Infoworld, vol. 16, no. 48, pp. a. 1–18, Nov. 18, 1994. 5. http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au//sites/default/files/shado/About%20Us/Overview/Governance/CodeOfEthics2000.pdf 6. http://www.mcw.edu/radiationoncology/ourdepartment/radiationbiology/Power-Lines-and-Cancer-FAQs.htm#1 7. http://www.dg.history.vt.edu/ch2/impact.html 8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeDw6yHQVbI

Decision Making Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Decision Making Process - Essay Example Doing this entails a thorough understanding of the micro and macro environment that defines the given consumers that a firm needs to serve. The most important point to note is the fact that consumer buying choices and decisions making process are things that get influenced by external factors which need to be handled by internal processes that could take place through social interactions. Consumer decision-making process has more to do with the patterns of behaviour that are preceded by consumers, determining and making them follow certain decisions with the sole aim of satisfying their individual or group needs based on products and services (Wu-Chung & Tzung-Cheng, 2010, pp.3530-3540). The mortgage market is experiencing numerous changes and has grown more volatile following the current financial crisis that has been most of the times blamed on poor handling of mortgages by various firms and stakeholders. This paper looks at the consumer decision-making process for the purchase of an appropriate mortgage following acquisition of some sufficient capital sourced from an uncle. The transaction will thus be analysed based on this theory in order to establish what went on as far as my decision-making process was concerned regarding the mortgage transaction. ... I happened to get enough information regarding the mortgage market, something that I do often before engaging myself into a purchasing process. First I sought credibility of this company as the dealer in mortgages. I then went to the industry analysis on the mortgages. I wanted also to take advantage of any incentives that would have come with choosing the best mortgage dealer. Many companies do provide mortgages but differ in various issues especially rates charged on these mortgages. There are repayment mortgages and interest only mortgages. I realized that interest on mortgages played a very important role in the choice of mortgage option. I also learnt of the mortgage regulation by the Financial Services Authority which sees to it that confidence in the financial system is maintained, public understanding is promoted, consumers are well protected and that financial crimes are avoided. There are also high interest rates on the mortgages placed by banks because of the need to cut o n liquidity in the market (London & Country Mortgages, 2011). I then had to make my decision on the mortgage choice and payment. This is where things became hot! Decision-Making Process on Purchase of an Appropriate Mortgage Property in London A consumer undergoes various stages in his or her buying decision-making process which are comprised of motivation to buy the product or service, problem or need recognition that is to be addressed, search for information, evaluating alternatives that are available in the market, and making a final purchase based on the choice made. Rational decision theory indicates that consumers as decision-makers do make many strategies and tend to use some logical procedures aimed at solving

What are the key ingredients of building a successful team Essay

What are the key ingredients of building a successful team - Essay Example The previous quotation summarized the process of building a team, as it is starting with two or more people interacting with one another, to accomplish an objective or goal through performing independent tasks, with individual accountability, per person evaluation focus and the rewards as well.Accomplishments that are made in the form of groups are much more satisfying for the employees and meaningful for the organization than individual’s achievement because this enlarges the scope of success and helps unite the members of the workforce. A team, on the other hand differs from a group particularly on its individual tendency, shared values and goals. The purpose behind forming any team is the search for success on the project assigned to its members. The following paragraphs highlight key ingredients that are necessarily required to build team spirit in the organizational personnel. Shared decision making: Managers should seek the opinions of all employees while making decision s. This tells the employees that their opinion is valued, and they feel respected. Also, quite often, employees become a very good source of information and provide managers with innovative ideas. Consulting them is always a good idea. This also males the employees feel themselves part of the larger organization. Foster collaboration and group rewards: Employees derive a lot of positive feelings from the success of the team. Accomplishments that are made in the form of groups are much more satisfying for the employees and meaningful for the organization than individual’s achievement... As a result of the interaction, all members of the team become aware of the current status of the work from all aspects. Employees may avail meetings as an opportunity to discuss the problematic areas with their colleagues or managers as required. Meetings grow much more in importance in such a work setup where employees work at distance and do not often get to meet one another. In order to make the meetings most beneficial, managers should try to incorporate virtual means of conducting meetings. These days, teleconferencing and videoconferencing are increasingly being employed as a means to conduct the meeting as they provide the participants with the facility to attend the meeting without having to cover long distances to reach the location decided for it. Clear roles and responsibilities: In order to make everyone do his/her part of the job, it is imperative that everybody is clearly made aware of his/her respective duties and job responsibilities. Incomplete knowledge of job resp onsibilities and limitations causes the employees to enter into dysfunctional conflicts with one another. The conflicts totally ruin their interrelationships and distort the bond among them. In order to make the work flow smoothly and without conflicts, managers should tell each and every employee his/her duty both in their individualistic and collective tasks. This also has many added advantages. This reduces the chances of duplication of effort by employees for achieving certain things. Likewise, it is made sure that no areas are left unaddressed. Support: There is no doubt in the fact that everyone needs help, so there should be no shame in asking for

Assessment for Training Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assessment for Training Project - Assignment Example The training program can have a positive influence on teachers’ performance improvement. Teacher training program is a type of adult training which facilitates to develop personal knowledge. The teacher training program is designed to provide a context regarding the requirements of teachers and their desired learning activities (Wati 79-104). Nowadays, education is going through a serious transformation with the arrival of globalization, increase in social along with demographical diversity among students, the introduction of the knowledge-oriented economy and initiation of information and communication technology (ICT). Thus, traditional teaching activities are unable to generate skilled employees which are required for fulfilling the demand of present employment market. These changes have resulted in the development of the teacher-training program by Microsoft to enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning procedure (Al-Hattami, Muammar and Elmahdi 39-45). In accordance with the opinions of Teachers Forum organized in 2005, it has been observed that most teachers believe that they are required to offer different learning experiences to the students. In the Teachers Forum of 2006, the teachers insisted on facilitating innovative learning activities by involving in authentic and meaningful tasks which can develop critical thinking and enhance their problem-solving ability within their respective environment (Microsoft Corporation 1-21). AREA OF TRAINING NEEDS TO BE ADDRESSED With respect to education, it is worth mentioning that the education system, designed for grandparents is not appropriate for present day’s students. Educational systems in various schools have not changed fundamentally in over a century. Thus, the key question arrives in this context is that if the traditional educational system is able to satisfy the requirements of the students of future generation? (Microsoft, â€Å"Teacher Training Programs†) Educa tional investigators have long proposed the schools to follow a new model of teaching and learning. One key priority with respect to teaching is to alter the core of schooling from teacher-centered to pedagogy-based understanding of students’ thought procedure, their abilities to learn and use theoretical concepts in order to derive the solution of practical problems. In order to understand the areas that must be addressed in Teachers Training Program a questionnaire has been designed for teachers (see appendix). About 50 teachers from various schools have been surveyed for recognizing their requirements. According to the outcome of questionnaire, it can be recognized that most of the teachers have not participated in any professional development training activities in last three years. Among the respondents who have stated that they participated in training programs in last three years depicted their participation in courses which are particularly related with their respecti ve subject areas, educational conferences and seminars and formal school arrangement training. The respondents also stated that the training programs

Yahoos industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Yahoos industry - Essay Example With time and advent of another search engine Google, Yahoos popularity is now confined to Yahoo News, Sports and Finance while Yahoo is now-a-days is not a preferred choice as a search engine and Google has emerged as the most preferred search engine for web searching, electronic messages (e-mails), chats, blogs etc because of its user friendly approach and fast results. Visitors do visit Yahoo especially for those attributes which are not offered by Google else if Google offers them they have a preference for Google over Yahoo. The underlying concept is Google appears to be the chief set of connections for maintaining follow-up of diverse social associations, acquaintances and interfaces. The chief reason that could be assessed- most of the individuals have MyBlogLog, MySpace, Facebook and other social accounts which aid in staying in contact with friends and acquaintances. Yahoo offers sites for commercial purposes such as Finance, Yahoo Answers : Q&A, Backlink Reporting, Flickr for photo uploading as well as sharing, for entertainment, privacy and local search. Yahoo is therefore preferred for its wider domain and for the features which are lacking in Google and least preferred for the features that are present with

Detective Graham in the Movie Crash Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Detective Graham in the Movie Crash - Essay Example The film literally bursts with the theme of racial prejudice as a multi-coloured cast careens in and out of the screen to make their presence felt. Each character has an issue to deal with regarding his or her ethnic background. For example, the overly- ethnocentric black car robber who constantly complains about how blacks are being unfairly discriminated upon in L.A. reflects a self-fulfilling prophecy. He believes that the white server in the restaurant ignored them because they were blacks and because blacks are not known to give tips, proved her right by not leaving a tip at all, justifying that they had poor service. A while later, he spots a victim in a white woman who avoids their direction. He knows she did so because she thought they were black muggers and was fearful they would rob her. And true to his â€Å"calling†, the black man and his companion do rob her and her lawyer-husband of their car. Society might have ingrained in these black people how to behave, and they automatically do so even if they think and feel deep down inside it is offensively unfair. However, they play the role society expects them to. It is pathetic to realize that one can be held helpless against societal expectations. These circumstances divide people and turn them against each other. The same goes for the scene where the American gun dealer who gets impatient with foreigners speaking their language in front of him, making him feel left out. Sensing that these Mediterranean customers are Arabs, he snaps at them by saying, â€Å"Play your jihad on your own time†. When the customer reacts angrily, saying he is an American citizen who has the same rights as everyone else, the dealer goes on his offensive oration on how these foreigners have no right to destroy America. He is suggesting that the customers are would-be terrorists, relating it to the September 11 terrorist attacks. The man is sent out of the store leaving her daughter behind while the dealer conti nues his hostile verbalizations. In doing so, he is unaware that he himself is terrorizing a lady. Why are people always so angry that they blame such negativity on others by finding faults? Is it true that we are always â€Å"behind metal and glass† walls that we are inaccessible and hence, untouchable to others? We rely on stereotypes to help us deal with people who are different from us because that is what society expects. Indeed, one can’t help but judge one another based on physical appearances and the stereotypes they represent. Gray (2012) discusses why racial stereotyping is destructive to American society in general. First, it means communicates to the majority of Americans that the negative actions of a few minorities are generalized to the collective values of the whole minority community. This is usually felt by Black American lower to middle-class people who are often adjudged as muggers or criminals. Another effect of stereotyping is that the stereotyped group begins to internalize such negative labels and actually mimic or act out the prejudiced behaviour. This behaviour becomes generalized as typical. The black men in the movie whose self-fulfilling prophecies ingrained by society were adjudged to be so as people are pushed to fulfil those prophecies such as being muggers or criminals. They feel that they have no chance of vindicating themselves from such an unfair perception that they must as well live it.  

Surveys Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Surveys - Essay Example es, Behaviour, and Preferences of E-Customers; Allworth Press 17 Introduction This present paper is a research paper that seeks to investigate how the internet has revolutionised how business is done and what influences the internet has on the performance of business organisation. The paper will mainly answer this research question using data collected from questionnaires that were distributed to a target population of fifteen people that comprised of five managers and ten friends and relatives. ... The second part of the paper will analyse that data that was collected in the first part while the third and final part of the paper will discuss research findings , draw out a conclusion and then spell out a few recommendation that address the research question. Part 1 1.1 Impact of the internet on businesses Jarvenpaa and Todd (2010) described the Internet as a global network that interconnects all computers in the world thereby enabling different computers in different corners of the world to communicate with each other. Bridges et al. (2010) further added that the internet is decentralised by design meaning that it is independent and not a property of any individual thou it relies on other physical infrastructures that taps into other networks. Through the interconnectivity provided by the Internet, the world has become a global village and it is no longer necessary to move physically from one location to another in order to inquire or acquire a good or service since this can be done through the internet and payment as well as delivery can be organised through the same platform. According to Bigne (2005), the internet has had a revolutionary impact mostly in the 21st century on the way people carry on various tasks. For example, it is no longer mandatory to go to work to simply submit or write a report, since the employee can do this at the comfort of his or her own home and then send the report to the manager via the internet. This mode of operating is largely classified under the concept of virtual office, which does not necessarily require workers to work under one physical location. Secondly, Close (2012) noted that it is no longer necessary to visit a physical store in order to inquire about a certain product or service before