The Works of J.D. Salinger Essay -- Biography Bio

J.D. Salinger The influence of an author and his writings on 1950s the StatesThe end of World War II and the beginning of the 1950s saw a time of prosperity and success in mainstream America. Less than a decennium after the United States allied with Great Britain and the Soviet Union, forming one of the most powerful forces in history to defeat the axis powers in the war, the U.S. was deeply secure in a nuclear arms race and Cold War with the Soviet Union. As a result, the country put on a corporal faade of stability and strength to cover up many injustices that were taking place during the time. Americans, equipped for the first time in a long magical spell with a good amount of money, flooded to the suburbs and replaced any sorrows they might have had with material products and consumerism -- creating an America of conformity and extravagance that Salinger would devote much of his writing to critiquing.With the way out of Catcher in the Rye in the summer of 1951, America was in troduced to Holden Caulfield, a character who would continue to remain in the American psyche for over half(prenominal) a century. Holden was the voice of this young generation who did not seem to have the same conformist attitudes or mainstream goals as their parents. Predictably, this critique of society and questioning of conventional American values was quickly met with an attempt to censor the message of dissent. Beginning in 1954 and continuing for decades, Catcher was criticized for its cynical tone, its un-American content, and its foul language (237 goddams, 58 bastards, 31 Chrissakes, and 1 fart, according to one complaint Steinle 3). But despite this controversy, and no doubt at least partially because of it, countless numbers of Americans get ... ...es H. Incommunicability in Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Western Humanities Review, XI (Spring 1957), 188-190. (Reprinted in Studies in J.D. Salinger by Marvin Laser and Norman Fruman).Lomanzoff, Eric. The Praises and Criticisms of J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye (1996) www.levity.com/ build/salinger1.htmPinsker, Sanford. The Catcher in the Rye and All Is the Age of Formative Books Over? The Georgia Review 50 4 (1986) 953-967.Salinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye. New York Little, dark-brown and Company, 1951.Salinger, J.D. Nine Stories. New York Little, Brown and Company, 1953.Steed, J.P. The Catcher in the Rye New Essays. New York Peter Lang Publishing Inc., 2002.Steinle, Pamela Hunt. In Cold Fear The Catcher in the Rye Censorship Controversies and Postwar American Character. Columbus Ohio State University Press, 2000.

Wolff’s View on Feminine Sexuality in Chopin’s The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening

Wolffs View on maidenly Sexuality in Chopins The AwakeningIn her essay Un-Utterable Longing The Discourse of Feminine Sexuality in Kate Chopins The Awakening Cynthia Griffin Wolff sees the lack of a lecturefor Edna Pontelliers intimate desires in particular and female sexuality in generalas the main theme in Chopins novel. She particularly looks at how issues of sexuality remain unsaid in the novel, or how they are expressed in a different way, because of the lack of a language of feminine sexuality. As Ross C Murfin points out in his introduction to this essay, Wolff combines several theoretical perspectives such(prenominal) as feminism, gender studies, new historicism, psychoanalytic criticism, and deconstruction (376). Wolff introduces her thesis in her initial discussion of the opening passing game of The Awakening stressing the fact that the parrot has no language of its own. She remarks that there is a sense of enigma (or fraud) about this bird who seems able to communicate but is not (376). Similarly the main character Edna Pontellier screwingt communicate her needs. The first part of Wolffs essay is a six-page assessment of the image of women current at the end of the nineteenth century demonstrate the lack of a language for intimacy and sexuality. She looks specifically at the work of William Acton, an author widely read at the time. According to him women didnt have sexual feelings of any kind hence he saw no reason to talk about those issues. Wolff criticizes that this false image of women as a-sexual beings created by writers such as Acton also mislead the men of that time in their perception of women. Wolff argues that a vernacular of motherhood (386) replaced the missing language of intimacy and sexuality. In this context she refers to the passage when Lonce comes home, Edna rejects his advances, and instead of reproaching her of neglecting her marital duties, he blames her for not taking care of the children. Lonce turns the disappointment of the rejection into a reproach of neglected maternal duties. According to Wolff, the true subject of Chopins novel, may be less the particular dilemma of Mrs. Pontellier than the larger problems of female narrative that it reflects and if Ednas poignant fate is in part a reflection of her own habits, it is also, in equal part, a measure of societys failure to allow its women a language of their own (388).

Frankenstein Essay -- English Literature Essays

FrankensteinFrankenstein is a novel that was written by Mary Shelley. It was first published in 1818.The story was about a man named Victor Frankenstein who created a monster thatcommitted a series of murders when he was rejected by society. Mary Shelley was the author of the novel Frankenstein. She was born in deluxe of 1797and died in February of 1857, at the age of fifty-four. In the summer of 1816, Mary stayedwith a poet named Byron. Also staying with Byron was his physician Polidori and JaneClarmont, a short story writer. Byron suggested they should all write a horror story. This iswhen the story of Victor Frankenstein occurred to Mary. She said the story was born rightout of a nightmare. At first, it was only meant to be a short story, but at the goad of herhusband, she increased the story to its present length. The novel took place in Geneva, Switzerland in the 1700s. Victor Frankenstein lived in ahouse near Lake Gevena We possessed a house in Geneva, and a campagne on Belri ve, the eastern shore of the lake, at the distance of rather more than a league from the city. The house was near the Jura mountain range. Victor climbed the mountain when he soughtsolitude and consolation. The house itself was big and had an upstairs and downstairs. Muchof the story unfolded in this house. However, Victor Frankenstein had previously attended theUniversity of Ingolstadt for three years and this was where the monster was created. As the plot begins an Arctic venturer named...

The Formation of a National Government for the United States Essay

An inspection of Aristotles table below will reveal some of the fears that were major concerns for the developing Ameri endure attitudes toward g everyplacening bodys. The Author asserts that the forms of organisation that were in place around the world brought with them a history of that American used to build a better instrument of governance. Another idea that was hide within Aristotles Chart on Government and leads the framers toward a more considered conclusion, is that democracy was the only type of government the world had not tried. This became the impetus for the groovy experiment.https//c beerjob2013.files.wordpress.com/2013/05/aristotles-classification-of-government.jpg The purposes of governments are for the mutual safety of the people and the ability to provide for their needs through working together for a common good. For without some form of government or the loss of form of law and order, would prove to be catalysts of anarchy. This observation directly re lates to one of Hobbss contentions, that a social contract was an agreement not to be killed and to stop killing one another. People must give up some freedoms if there is to be any peace. Locke believed in religious freedoms a staple fibre tenet of the Constitution of the US in conjunction with the presumption that it is natural for one to be free and enjoy liberty. We hold these truths to be self-evident are among the most important words written in the Declaration of Independence, still they are not self-evident, nor are they true. These words are truly stated yet the reality was that it only applied to white landowners. Thus, one of Americas founding tenets of equality taken from it declaration of independence was suspect from the beginning. The fa... ...or the future. Manifest destiny demonstrates the strength of it tenets by altering the moral compass of a nation in the way the nation has interacted with others known as them. In the search for answers to wherefor e, there is the potential for over examination, as such when looking for reasons for one action or another the answer is often not what is expected. Given pause, a self-examination as to why you believe what you do, it maybe be frightening when the answer is, I dont know. It is just as probable that it was the luck of the draw. Fortunately, because of increased knowledge we can make better decisions that will influence the world, positively or negatively, depends on your view. The sentiments of these ancient philosophers are easily recognized as constructs of the American mindset.Works CitedBrainyQuotes. entitle Acton Quotes . 2001*2014.

Scottish Sports :: essays research papers fc

After the dethronement of Louis XVI, politics for the first time in France had become an make out for the French to systemize and regulate. No lasting did the citizens have to follow the will of the kings godly design but now would be represented by a republic of the people. Very quickly political factions began to emerge across France. The two major political factions of the Convention were the Jacobins and the Girondins, which held very opposite beliefs of the future of the monarchy. However, both had a strong ambition to gain mastery in the Convention and to ultimately control the direction of the Revolution. Although in doing so the factions had to gain the support of the Marais, the group that did not belong to any faction. The first issue for the elected deputies of France was to determine the fate of the former King of France, Louis XVI. The strong will of the Jacobins beliefs and the ineffective representation of Girondin philosophy strengthened Jacobin support and ultimat ely dogged the death of Louis XVI.All three political groups were not the same as the ones found in todays political campaigns. These historic parties had, no ships company machinery, no party funds, no party discipline on voting and in most cases no party platform. They were at best loosely-connected groups of men who had been friends, who overlap political ideas, or who were thrown together on specific issues. However the citizens believed them to be their representatives in the new regime that would debate for the good of the country ground on the new principles. The Jacobin faction was formerly the Society of the Friends of the Constitution and was made up of intelligent bourgeoisie. After the Assembly moved to Paris the group enlarge and rented the former residence of the Dominican monks which were known as the Jacobins, a name eventually inherited by the society. The Jacobins strongly supported power in Paris, and severely pushed egalitarian aspirations. The Jacobins fir mly believed that their group represented the people. During the course of the trial of Louis XVI the approximately one hundred and ten members of the Mountain (as they were referred to in the convention because of their pickax of the higher seating) believed that Louis should be judged by the highest tribunal in the land, the people in the revolution on August the 10,1792. Their final conclusion was that Louis was guilty of treason and that he should be punished by way of the guillotine.

Scottish Sports :: essays research papers fc

After the dethronement of Louis XVI, politics for the first time in France had become an exit for the French to systemize and regulate. No longer did the citizens have to follow the will of the kings godly design but now would be represented by a republic of the people. Very quickly political factions began to emerge across France. The two major political factions of the Convention were the Jacobins and the Girondins, which held very opposite beliefs of the future of the monarchy. However, both had a strong ambition to gain supremacy in the Convention and to ultimately control the direction of the Revolution. Although in doing so the factions had to gain the support of the Marais, the group that did not belong to any faction. The first issue for the elected deputies of France was to determine the fate of the former King of France, Louis XVI. The strong will of the Jacobins beliefs and the ineffective representation of Girondin doctrine strengthened Jacobin support and ultimately de termined the death of Louis XVI.All three political groups were not the same as the ones found in todays political campaigns. These historic parties had, no political party machinery, no party funds, no party discipline on voting and in most cases no party platform. They were at best loosely-connected groups of men who had been friends, who shared political ideas, or who were thrown together on specific issues. However the citizens believed them to be their representatives in the new politics that would debate for the good of the country based on the new principles. The Jacobin faction was formerly the Society of the Friends of the Constitution and was made up of intelligent bourgeoisie. After the host moved to Paris the group enlarged and rented the former residence of the Dominican monks which were known as the Jacobins, a name eventually inherited by the society. The Jacobins powerfully supported power in Paris, and heavily pushed egalitarian aspirations. The Jacobins firmly b elieved that their group represented the people. During the course of the trial of Louis XVI the approximately one hundred and decennium members of the Mountain (as they were referred to in the convention because of their choice of the higher seating) believed that Louis should be judged by the highest tribunal in the land, the people in the revolution on August the 10,1792. Their lowest conclusion was that Louis was guilty of treason and that he should be punished by way of the guillotine.